Gut microbiota is an ecosystem in equilibrium that self-regulates permanently. The balance between the different flora of the intestine can break under the threat of aggression. This microbiota imbalance is introduced by the term dysbiosis, as opposed to normobiose.
Dysbiosis causes are various and varied. It can be due to bacterial, viral or parasitic infections ; a sudden change of environment and/or diet ; immunodeficiency ; or even some drugs like antibiotics.
The result of this intestinal disturbance ranges from simple deregulation to digestive pathology, but also extra-digestive (e.g. allergy, obesity, diabetes). It usually causes intestinal hyperpermeability or leaky gut syndrome.
Thus, many intestinal pathologies could be due to an alteration of this balance such as irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), celiac disease, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), diarrhea, bowel cancer…
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